Understanding Different Types of Dementia

Dementia is not a single disease but a group of conditions that affect memory, thinking, and behavior. Understanding the different types can help families recognize symptoms early and seek appropriate treatment.

Common Types of Dementia

1. Alzheimer’s disease
   The most common form, accounting for 60–80% of cases. Symptoms include memory loss, confusion, difficulty recognizing loved ones, and changes in behavior.

2. Vascular dementia
   Caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, often after a stroke. Symptoms include trouble with planning, decision-making, and slowed thinking.

3. Lewy body dementia
   Characterized by sleep disturbances, visual hallucinations, movement difficulties, and fluctuating alertness.

4. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)
   Affects the front and side areas of the brain. Symptoms include changes in personality, behavior, and communication.

5. Mixed dementia
   Some seniors may have more than one type, such as Alzheimer’s combined with vascular dementia.

Treatment Approaches

While dementia has no cure, treatments can manage symptoms:

• Medications to improve memory and mood

• Cognitive therapies and brain exercises

• Supportive care from family, caregivers, and professionals

Final thought: Understanding the type of dementia helps in creating the right care plan and improving quality of life.